Toru Okada ^a,^* , Manabu Shibata ^a , Yushi Sakata ^a , AtsushiNakajima ^b , Norihiro Itsubo ^c 
a Kao Corporation ESG Division ESG Promotion, 1-14-10, Nihonbashi Kayabacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8210, Japan
^b Kao Corporation RC Division, 1-14-10, Nihonbashi Kayabacho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, 103-8210, Japan
^c Tokyo City University Professor, Faculty of Environmental Studies Dean, Graduate School of Environmental and Information Studies, 3-3-1 Ushikubo-Nishi, Tsuzuki-ku, Yokohama, 224-8551, Japan
 
Keywords: Eco-designed Container Film package Refill Replace Shampoo Consumer behavior LCA LIME2
 
ABSTRACT
In recent years, an innovative eco-designed container (replace type) has been developed with expectation of further reducing plastic consumption. This container is used by installing the flexible package directly. Moreover, it contributed to removal of the process of refilling.
This study aimed to clarify the environmental impact of innovative eco-designed container by applying LCA, targeting shampoo bottles in three models, which are Pump model (using only pump bottles), Refill model (using
a pump bottle and flexible packages) and Replace model (using the innovative eco-designed container and flexible packages).
LIME2(Life cycle Impact Assessment Method based on Endpoint Modeling Version 2) was applied in the environmental assessment. According to the result of weighting across endpoints, the refill and replace models reduced the environmental impact by 20% and 25% respectively compared to the bottle model. This result is due to the reduction in oil, carbon dioxide (CO 2) and sulfur oxide (SO X) brought by cutting bottle plastic consumption.
 
To read the full article: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clrc.2021.100027